Subject: Chemistry
Book: General Chemistry
Carbohydrates range from simple monosaccharides (glucose, fructose) to complex polysaccharides (cellulose, glycogen). Structural features include ring–chain tautomerism, anomeric centers (α- or β- configuration), and glycosidic linkages in disaccharides and polysaccharides. Their roles span energy provision (glucose metabolism), structural support (cellulose in plants), and cell recognition (glycoproteins). Mastery of carbohydrate chemistry is crucial in health and biotechnology.
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