Topic Details (Notes format)

Civil Liberties vs. National Security

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

Constitution balances personal freedoms (Articles 19–22) with the state’s duty to protect sovereignty and public order. Preventive detention laws (e.g., NSA, UAPA) can curtail liberties if security threats arise, stirring debate on potential misuse. The judiciary insists on “reasonable restrictions,” requiring due process and limited durations. In times of war or aggression, Article 352 (National Emergency) temporarily suspends certain freedoms. Critics argue that broad definitions of “threats” and indefinite detention can undermine democracy. The Supreme Court’s vigilance in habeas corpus petitions or bail jurisprudence underscores that while national security is paramount, it cannot wholly eclipse fundamental rights.

Practice Questions

Who has the authority to promulgate ordinances in India?

संघीय परिषद का प्रावधान किस अनुच्छेद में है?

राज्यों के बीच शक्तियों का संतुलन किस सिद्धांत पर आधारित है?

भारत में निर्वाचन आयोग का गठन किस आधार पर होता है?

Which article of the Indian Constitution provides for the protection of interests of minorities?

राष्ट्रपति द्वारा दी जाने वाली शपथ किस अनुच्छेद में प्रावधिक है?

Who among the following can recommend the dissolution of the Lok Sabha?

न्यायपालिका के निर्णयों की binding प्रभावशीलता किस पर आधारित है?

What is the maximum strength of the Legislative Assembly of a state?

Which of the following is a provision of the Indian Constitution regarding the Emergency?