Topic Details (Notes format)

Co-operative Societies (Part IXB)

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

Introduced by the 97th Amendment (2011), Part IXB constitutionalizes co-operative societies, emphasizing their democratic, autonomous, and voluntary nature. It mandates regular elections, fixed terms for board members, and an independent authority for disputes. Co-operatives play a pivotal role in sectors like agriculture, credit, consumer goods, and housing, ensuring people-centric economic empowerment. State laws must align with these constitutional provisions, fostering transparency and accountability. Despite potential political interference and financial irregularities, co-ops remain powerful tools for local development. Proper adherence to Part IXB can revitalize cooperative movements, bridging economic inequalities and fostering collective self-reliance at grassroots levels.

Practice Questions

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