Topic Details (Notes format)

Commutation, Remission, and Respite

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

Relates to forms of pardoning under Article 72/161. Commutation changes a harsher sentence (death or rigorous imprisonment) to a milder one, remission reduces the sentence duration without altering its character, and respite grants a lesser sentence due to special conditions like pregnancy. These executive powers ensure nuanced justice, acknowledging individual circumstances. Courts often advise on these matters, but the final call rests with executive authorities. While offering redemption chances, ensuring transparency is vital to prevent politicization. Understanding these subtle differences is crucial for clarity on how the executive modifies penalties to align punishment with evolving standards of fairness.

Practice Questions

न्यायपालिका की स्वतंत्रता किस अनुच्छेद में सुनिश्चित की गई है?

Who appoints the Chief Election Commissioner of India?

संविधान सभा की बैठकें किस वर्ष प्रारंभ हुई थीं?

Who is considered the "father of the Indian Constitution"?

Who has the authority to dissolve the Rajya Sabha?

भारतीय संसद में सर्वोच्च विधायी प्राधिकारी कौन है?

राष्ट्रपति के आपातकालिक शक्तियाँ किस अनुच्छेद के तहत निर्धारित हैं?

भारतीय न्यायपालिका की स्वतंत्रता का मूल सिद्धांत क्या है?

अभियोजक की नियुक्ति किस प्रावधान के तहत होती है?

What is the minimum number of members in the Lok Sabha?