Topic Details (Notes format)

Doctrine of Separation of Powers

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

Proposes distinct legislative, executive, and judicial branches, preventing concentration of power. While India does not practice absolute separation—functioning instead with overlapping roles—courts have maintained checks (through judicial review), the legislature can question the executive, and the executive can issue ordinances. The system ensures each organ respects the sphere of the others. Landmark judgments (Indira Gandhi vs Raj Narain) reinforced institutional independence. Critics note that too much overlap can foster friction or confusion, but properly balanced, it safeguards democracy from authoritarian tendencies. Recognizing these nuances is crucial for understanding India’s constitutional design and checks-and-balances framework.

Practice Questions

भारतीय संविधान में नागरिकों के मौलिक अधिकार किस दस्तावेज़ में वर्णित हैं?

What is the minimum number of members in the Lok Sabha?

राज्य सरकारों के अधिकार किस अनुच्छेद में वर्णित हैं?

Who among the following is the ex-officio Chairman of the National Human Rights Commission of India?

संसद में मतभेद सुलझाने के लिए किस व्यवस्था का प्रयोग होता है?

What is the minimum age required to become the President of India?

संसद कार्यवाही की समय सीमा किस अनुच्छेद में उल्लिखित है?

लोकसभा का कार्यकाल कितने वर्षों का होता है?

Who is the first woman President of India?

नागरिकता की अवधारणा किस अनुच्छेद से शुरू होती है?