Topic Details (Notes format)

Doctrine of Separation of Powers

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

Proposes distinct legislative, executive, and judicial branches, preventing concentration of power. While India does not practice absolute separation—functioning instead with overlapping roles—courts have maintained checks (through judicial review), the legislature can question the executive, and the executive can issue ordinances. The system ensures each organ respects the sphere of the others. Landmark judgments (Indira Gandhi vs Raj Narain) reinforced institutional independence. Critics note that too much overlap can foster friction or confusion, but properly balanced, it safeguards democracy from authoritarian tendencies. Recognizing these nuances is crucial for understanding India’s constitutional design and checks-and-balances framework.

Practice Questions

राष्ट्रपति की अनुपस्थिति में संसद में किस सत्र को आयोजित किया जाता है?

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Who among the following was the first woman Speaker of the Lok Sabha?

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Which of the following is NOT a part of the Indian Parliament?

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संसद सदस्यों का वेतन और भत्ता किस अनुच्छेद में निर्धारित है?

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What is the minimum number of members in the Lok Sabha?

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विधायिका के प्रमुख का चुनाव किस प्रक्रिया से होता है?

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Which of the following is a power of the Rajya Sabha?

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Who among the following was the first woman Governor of an Indian state?

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Which of the following is a feature of the Indian Parliament?

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Who among the following is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha?

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