Economic Reforms of 1991 Definition, Types, Examples & Uses

Economic Reforms of 1991

Subject: Economics

Book: Comprehensive Indian Economy

In 1991, India faced a severe balance of payments crisis that triggered sweeping reforms known as Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization (LPG). These reforms dismantled the license-quota system, opened markets to foreign investment, devalued the rupee for export competitiveness, and paved the way for private sector efficiency. The goal was to integrate India with the global economy and revive growth by reducing state controls. Exam-oriented insights include the reasons for the crisis, specifics of structural adjustment policies, and the impact on sectors like banking, trade, and manufacturing over subsequent decades.