Topic Details (Notes format)

Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development

Subject: Economics

Book: Comprehensive Indian Economy

India’s rapid industrial growth strains natural resources and generates pollution. Environmental economics quantifies these externalities, urging corrective taxes or incentives. Policies like the National Action Plan on Climate Change promote solar energy, energy efficiency, and afforestation. However, balancing the needs of a developing population with ecological conservation remains challenging. Exam questions often connect resource management (forests, water) to livelihood security, especially for tribal or rural communities. Focus also on green financing, corporate social responsibility mandates, and the interplay of environmental laws with economic policies for sustainable growth.

Practice Questions

What is the objective of the Goods and Services Tax (GST)?

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Which of the following is NOT part of the World Bank Group?

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What is the primary purpose of Special Economic Zones (SEZs)?

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Which of the following is a direct tax?

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What does “Laissez-faire” policy advocate?

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What is the significance of “Purchasing Power Parity” (PPP)?

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Which of the following is an example of a public sector undertaking (PSU) in India?

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Which of the following is NOT an example of a direct tax?

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What is the meaning of “dumping” in international trade?

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What is meant by “crowding out” in economics?

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