Topic Details (Notes format)

Fiscal Policy and Budget

Subject: Economics

Book: Comprehensive Indian Economy

Fiscal policy involves government spending, taxation, and borrowing to steer the economy. In India, the annual Union Budget outlines revenue and expenditure plans, revealing priorities for sectors like infrastructure, agriculture, and social welfare. Concepts like revenue deficit, fiscal deficit, and primary deficit are central to gauging fiscal health. The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act sets targets to maintain fiscal discipline. Exam readiness requires clarity on how changes in tax structures—like GST—and public spending shape economic growth, plus an understanding of how deficits are managed through market borrowings and bond issuances.

Practice Questions

What is the objective of the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana?

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Which of the following is a feature of a command economy?

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What is meant by the term “current account deficit”?

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What does the term “capital account” refer to in the balance of payments?

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What is the “law of diminishing marginal utility”?

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What is the meaning of "fiscal deficit"?

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What is the main objective of disinvestment in public sector undertakings (PSUs)?

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What does the Gini Coefficient measure?

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What does the term “elasticity of demand” measure?

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What is the primary role of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)?

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