Topic Details (Notes format)

Fiscal Policy and Budget

Subject: Economics

Book: Comprehensive Indian Economy

Fiscal policy involves government spending, taxation, and borrowing to steer the economy. In India, the annual Union Budget outlines revenue and expenditure plans, revealing priorities for sectors like infrastructure, agriculture, and social welfare. Concepts like revenue deficit, fiscal deficit, and primary deficit are central to gauging fiscal health. The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act sets targets to maintain fiscal discipline. Exam readiness requires clarity on how changes in tax structures—like GST—and public spending shape economic growth, plus an understanding of how deficits are managed through market borrowings and bond issuances.

Practice Questions

Which of the following measures is most effective in controlling inflation?

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What is meant by “marginal propensity to consume”?

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Which of the following is an example of fiscal policy?

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Which of the following is an example of a public sector undertaking (PSU) in India?

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Which term refers to the decrease in the value of a currency relative to foreign currencies?

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Which of the following is NOT a function of the World Trade Organization (WTO)?

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Which term refers to an economy that has elements of both capitalism and socialism?

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What is “inclusive growth”?

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What is the meaning of “dumping” in international trade?

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Which of the following is an example of a non-renewable resource?

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