Topic Details (Notes format)

Inflation and Price Stability

Subject: Economics

Book: Comprehensive Indian Economy

Inflation reflects sustained price rises, eroding purchasing power. India faces both demand-pull (excess money supply) and cost-push (input cost spikes) inflation. RBI’s inflation-targeting approach (4% ± 2%) via the MPC guides policy rates to balance growth with price stability. Structural factors—like supply bottlenecks, agricultural dependence on monsoons—can cause food inflation. Concepts like WPI, CPI, and core inflation are frequently tested. Questions often link inflation to interest rates, fiscal deficits, and external factors (oil prices). Understanding the interplay between macro variables is essential for robust exam readiness.

Practice Questions

Which term refers to an economy that has elements of both capitalism and socialism?

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What does “primary sector” of the economy include?

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What is the primary function of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)?

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What is the purpose of the "Minimum Support Price" (MSP) in India?

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Which organization is responsible for estimating India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?

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What does the “Human Development Index” measure?

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What is the main purpose of monetary policy?

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Which of the following causes demand-pull inflation?

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What is the meaning of "fiscal deficit"?

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Which of the following is a feature of monopolistic competition?

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