Topic Details (Notes format)

Migration, Urbanization, and Economic Development

Subject: Economics

Book: Comprehensive Indian Economy

India’s urbanization sees migration from rural areas seeking better employment. While cities drive GDP growth, they face congestion, slums, and infrastructure deficits. Schemes like Smart Cities Mission attempt integrated planning with emphasis on housing, sanitation, and public transport. Understanding push factors (agricultural stagnation) vs. pull factors (industry/services demand) is crucial. Students should link how rural-urban linkages evolve: remittances back to villages, skill mismatches in cities, and the need for inclusive urban policies. Exam answers often address how balanced regional development can reduce distressed migration while maximizing urban productivity.

Practice Questions

What is meant by “liquidity trap”?

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Which of the following is an example of a non-renewable resource?

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What does “primary sector” of the economy include?

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Which term refers to the decrease in the value of a currency relative to foreign currencies?

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What is the meaning of “dumping” in international trade?

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Which of the following is NOT a function of the World Trade Organization (WTO)?

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Which of the following causes demand-pull inflation?

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What does the term “capital account” refer to in the balance of payments?

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What is the main aim of Public Distribution System (PDS) in India?

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What is “inflation targeting”?

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