Subject: Polity
Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth
Part XVII (Articles 343–351) deals with India’s linguistic policies. Hindi in Devanagari script is the official Union language, with English recognized for official purposes pending legislative extension. States may adopt their own official languages. The Constitution promotes Hindi’s development while respecting linguistic diversity. Article 347 allows the President to recognize minority languages for official use in states. Continuous debates exist on imposing Hindi vs. maintaining English for pan-Indian communication. The Official Languages Act, 1963, extends English usage, balancing national unity and cultural plurality. Understanding this domain clarifies the complexities of multilingual governance in a federal, diverse nation.
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