Subject: Polity
Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth
Under Articles 123 (President) and 213 (Governor), the executive can promulgate ordinances when the legislature is not in session, provided immediate action is necessary. These carry the same force as laws but must be approved by the legislature in its next session. The power addresses urgent policy needs, yet critics fear its misuse to bypass legislative debate. Court rulings (e.g., D.C. Wadhwa case) have stressed that ordinances cannot be reissued indefinitely. While ordinances can expedite governance, prolonged reliance undermines legislative supremacy. Effective checks ensure it remains an emergency tool, rather than a routine legislative shortcut.
भारत का संविधान किस वर्ष अपनाया गया था?
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