Subject: Polity
Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth
The Election Commission grants recognition as national or state parties based on vote share or legislative seats. Recognized parties receive privileges like a reserved symbol, free airtime, and potential financial benefits. Criteria include securing a specific percentage of valid votes or assembly/Parliament seats across states. Loss of performance leads to derecognition. This system ensures stable multi-party competition yet fuels debates on frequent realignments or breakaway factions. The Commission’s guidelines aim to reduce fly-by-night outfits and encourage programmatic politics. Despite controversies over symbol allotment or mergers, recognition remains pivotal for shaping India’s party-based democracy.
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