Topic Details (Notes format)

Public Interest Litigation (PIL)

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

A legal innovation allowing any public-spirited individual or organization to file cases for societal welfare, especially addressing the voiceless. It led to pathbreaking reforms in environmental protection, human rights, and governance. PIL expanded the concept of “locus standi,” enabling courts to inquire into executive inaction. While it democratized access to justice, concerns rose about frivolous litigations clogging courts. Nonetheless, PIL remains vital for exposing corruption, safeguarding environmental concerns (like river pollution), and implementing directive principles on socio-economic justice. Its success depends on judicial vigilance and genuine petitions aimed at public good rather than personal vendettas.

Practice Questions

भारतीय संविधान में मौलिक कर्तव्यों का प्रावधान किस अनुच्छेद में है?

राज्यों के बीच मतभेदों का समाधान किस प्रावधान के तहत किया जाता है?

What is the maximum number of members in the Legislative Council of a state?

Which article of the Indian Constitution deals with the impeachment of the President?

न्यायपालिका की नियुक्ति में पुनरीक्षण किस सिद्धांत पर आधारित है?

न्यायपालिका के अधिकार का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण आधार क्या है?

न्यायिक समीक्षा मुख्यतः किन के खिलाफ की जाती है?

राज्यसभा के सदस्यों का चयन किस आधार पर किया जाता है?

Who among the following was the first woman Governor of an Indian state?

न्यायाधीशों की नियुक्ति में किस समिति की सिफारिश ली जाती है?