Topic Details (Notes format)

Union Budget: Constitutional Procedures

Subject: Polity

Book: Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth

Explores how Article 112 requires the government to present an annual financial statement. The budget is divided into Revenue and Capital accounts, with proposals for taxation and expenditures. After the Finance Minister’s speech, departmental demands for grants are scrutinized by parliamentary committees, culminating in the Appropriation and Finance Bills. Parliament’s approval is mandatory for fund withdrawals. Constitutional safeguards (Article 266, 267) regulate the Consolidated Fund, Contingency Fund, and Public Account. The “cut motions” allow the Lok Sabha to check overspending. Understanding the budget’s constitutional dimension clarifies how fiscal policies and legislative oversight converge to shape India’s economic direction each year.

Practice Questions

राज्यों के अधिकारों का निर्धारण किस आधार पर होता है?

Which of the following is NOT a Fundamental Right under the Indian Constitution?

संविधान सभा के सदस्यों का चुनाव किस प्रकार से हुआ था?

Who is the guardian of the Indian Constitution?

Which of the following is an essential feature of a federal system?

What is the maximum number of members in the Lok Sabha?

राज्य सरकारों के अधिकार किस अनुच्छेद में वर्णित हैं?

कार्यपालिका के प्रमुख की नियुक्ति में अंतिम निर्णय किसके द्वारा होता है?

Who among the following is the ex-officio Chairman of the National Human Rights Commission of India?

Who among the following is known as the "Father of the Nation" in India?